{"id":279,"date":"2014-02-01T00:23:33","date_gmt":"2014-02-01T00:23:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/?post_type=project&#038;p=279"},"modified":"2020-04-12T12:43:33","modified_gmt":"2020-04-12T12:43:33","slug":"rithmomachia-un-gioco-medievale-di-strategia-e-matematica","status":"publish","type":"project","link":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/project\/rithmomachia-un-gioco-medievale-di-strategia-e-matematica\/","title":{"rendered":"Rithmomachie &#8211; Un jeu m\u00e9di\u00e9val de strat\u00e9gie et math\u00e9matiques"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>[et_pb_section bb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; fullwidth=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#8224e3&Prime; inner_shadow=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb parallax=\u00a0\u00bboff\u00a0\u00bb next_background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#ffffff\u00a0\u00bb][et_pb_fullwidth_header admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbFullwidth Header\u00a0\u00bb title=\u00a0\u00bbRithmomachie\u00a0\u00bb subhead=\u00a0\u00bbUn jeu m\u00e9di\u00e9val de strat\u00e9gie et math\u00e9matiques\u00a0\u00bb background_color=\u00a0\u00bbrgba(255, 255, 255, 0)\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.12&Prime; max_width_tablet=\u00a0\u00bb50px\u00a0\u00bb \/][\/et_pb_section][et_pb_section bb_built=\u00a0\u00bb1&Prime; prev_background_color=\u00a0\u00bb#8224e3&Prime;][et_pb_row][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb3_4&Prime;][et_pb_text admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbText\u00a0\u00bb background_position=\u00a0\u00bbtop_left\u00a0\u00bb background_repeat=\u00a0\u00bbrepeat\u00a0\u00bb background_size=\u00a0\u00bbinitial\u00a0\u00bb _builder_version=\u00a0\u00bb3.12&Prime;]<\/p>\n<h3><a href=\"https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=3lSIh1Xl_k0&#038;list=PLzUsP_uF2QwaCC3sQ-U24MI7P0yG3dQkz&#038;index=18\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener noreferrer\">VIDEO (en fran\u00e7ais)<\/a><\/h3>\n<p>La Rithmomachie est un jeu m\u00e9di\u00e9val, une sorte d&rsquo;\u00e9checs avec des nombres. Selon l&rsquo;historien Peter Mebben, la plus ancienne preuve \u00e9crite de l&rsquo;existence de la Rithmomachie remonte \u00e0 l&rsquo;ann\u00e9e 1030, \u00e0 W\u00fcrzburg, dans l&rsquo;Allemagne actuelle : un texte de successions num\u00e9riques a \u00e9t\u00e9 r\u00e9dig\u00e9 pour un concours entre les \u00e9coles des cath\u00e9drales de Worms et de W\u00fcrzburg (l&rsquo;\u00e9quivalent des Olympiades de math\u00e9matiques ou des championnats de jeux math\u00e9matiques actuels) ; sur la base de ce texte, le moine Asylum a cr\u00e9\u00e9 un jeu utile aux \u00e9tudiants pour apprendre la doctrine \u00e9nonc\u00e9e dans \u00ab\u00a0De institutione arithmetica\u00a0\u00bb (environ 505) de Boethius, qui reprend les enseignements de Pythagore et constitue le fondement de l&rsquo;arithm\u00e9tique m\u00e9di\u00e9vale. Ainsi est n\u00e9e la Rithmomachie, \u00e9galement<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/NeoRithmomachia-131202-2.jpg\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft\" style=\"margin-left: 10px; margin-right: 10px;\" title=\"NeoRithmomachia-131202-2\" src=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/NeoRithmomachia-131202-2-984x1024.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"313\" height=\"325\" \/><\/a>appel\u00e9e Arithmomachie, Rythmomachie et avec d\u2019autres noms similaires. Le nom est de d\u00e9rivation grecque : la premi\u00e8re partie est un jeu de mots entre \u1f00\u03c1\u03b9\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 (arithm\u00f3s, \u00ab\u00a0nombre\u00a0\u00bb) et \u1fe5\u03c5\u03b8\u03bc\u03cc\u03c2 (rhythm\u00f3s, \u00ab\u00a0rythme\u00a0\u00bb, \u00ab\u00a0proportion\u00a0\u00bb) ; la deuxi\u00e8me partie, \u03bc\u03b1\u03c7\u03af\u03b1 (mach\u00eda), signifie \u00ab\u00a0bataille\u00a0\u00bb. Ainsi, Rithmomachia signifie \u00ab\u00a0bataille de proportions num\u00e9riques\u00a0\u00bb. Ce jeu \u00e9tait m\u00eame enseign\u00e9 dans certaines universit\u00e9s, et \u00e9tait \u00e9galement connu sous le nom de Ludus philosophorum (\u00ab\u00a0le jeu des intellectuels\u00a0\u00bb). Entre les 11e et 12e si\u00e8cles, la Rithmomachie s&rsquo;est r\u00e9pandue en Allemagne et en France, et entre les 12e et 13e si\u00e8cles \u00e9galement en Angleterre. Ainsi, diff\u00e9rentes variantes du r\u00e8glement initial sont n\u00e9es. Le jeu est, aux yeux d&rsquo;un joueur moderne, tr\u00e8s long, compliqu\u00e9 et m\u00eame mal structur\u00e9. Et cela s&rsquo;applique \u00e0 toutes les variantes historiques qui nous sont parvenues. Pour l&rsquo;exposition de l&rsquo;atelier Ludyssea, j&rsquo;ai essay\u00e9 de cr\u00e9er une version moderne et plus jouable, tout en essayant de conserver autant que possible les r\u00e8gles originales : par exemple, comme plateau, j&rsquo;ai choisi 8&#215;9 et non 8&#215;16, car il existe une version 8&#215;9 de 1516. J&rsquo;ai ins\u00e9r\u00e9 le parachutage des pi\u00e8ces (comme dans le shogi ou \u00e9checs japonais) parce qu&rsquo;il existait dans certaines variantes. La seule chose que j&rsquo;ai r\u00e9ellement chang\u00e9e (en restant dans la philosophie du jeu) est la m\u00e9thode de capture, car toutes les variantes historiques donnent des r\u00e9sultats injouables. J&rsquo;ai appel\u00e9 cette version moderne \u00ab\u00a0NeoRithmomachie\u00a0\u00bb. Ce jeu a \u00e9t\u00e9 test\u00e9 par plusieurs joueurs exp\u00e9riment\u00e9s et surtout par des centaines de visiteurs \u00e0 Ludyssea de 2010 \u00e0 aujourd&rsquo;hui. Les r\u00e9sultats ont \u00e9t\u00e9 surprenants, car le jeu a beaucoup attir\u00e9 et plu, bien qu&rsquo;il s&rsquo;agisse clairement d&rsquo;un jeu difficile. Pas plus long et plus difficile que les \u00e9checs, cependant, une partie peut durer de 30 \u00e0 90 minutes, et les r\u00e8gles ne sont pas si nombreuses. Je publie les r\u00e8gles ci-dessous. Si vous l&rsquo;essayez, envoyez-moi vos commentaires !<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/NeoRithmoMachia-regolamento-4.pdf\">NeoRithmoMachia-regolamentoInItaliano.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/NeoRithmoMachia-rules-131202.pdf\">NeoRithmoMachia-EnglishRules.pdf<\/a><\/p>\n<p><span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/p>\n<h1>Site-bibliographie<span style=\"color: #ffffff;\">.<\/span><\/h1>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/Boethius-DeInstitutioneArithmetica.pdf\">Boethius &#8211; De Institutione Arithmetica (505)<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/daten.digitale-sammlungen.de\/~db\/0004\/bsb00047475\/images\/index.html?id=00047475&#038;fip=109.237.48.125&#038;no=8&#038;seite=6 http:\/\/www.archive.org\/stream\/aniciimanliitor01friegoog#page\/n6\/mode\/1up\">sito<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/BGS2-Mebben-Die-Arithmomachia-des-Abraham-Ries-und-weitere-neuzeitliche-\u00dcberlieferungen-der-Rithmomachie.pdf\">Mebben, <\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/BGS2-Mebben-Die-Arithmomachia-des-Abraham-Ries-und-weitere-neuzeitliche-\u00dcberlieferungen-der-Rithmomachie.pdf\">Peter<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/BGS2-Mebben-Die-Arithmomachia-des-Abraham-Ries-und-weitere-neuzeitliche-\u00dcberlieferungen-der-Rithmomachie.pdf\">. Die Arithmomachia des Abraham Ries und weitere neuzeitliche \u00dcberlieferungen der Rithmomachie (Board Game Studies 1999) <\/a>&#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/www.boardgamestudies.info\/pdf\/issue2\/BGS2Mebben.pdf\">sito<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.alexfedi.it\/medioevo\/risorse\/rithmo.html\">Fedi<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.alexfedi.it\/medioevo\/risorse\/rithmo.html\">, Alessandro\u00a0 (Assoc. Terra di Prato). Rithmomachia ovvero il Ludus Philosophorum (2007)<\/a>.<\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/N\u00da\u00d1EZ-ESPALLARGAS-LA-ARITM\u00c9TICA-DE-BOECIO-Y-LA-RITMOMAQUIA.pdf\">N\u00fa\u00f1ez Espallargas, Jos\u00e9 &#8211; LA ARITM\u00c9TICA DE BOECIO Y LA RITMOMAQUIA (2004)<\/a> &#8211; <a href=\"http:\/\/estudiosmedievales.revistas.csic.es\/index.php\/estudiosmedievales\/article\/view\/187\/190 \">sito<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/Holl-2005-SpielMitZahlen.pdf\">Holl, Alfred &#8211; 2005 &#8211; Spiel mit Zahlen<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/oltre-il-festival\/rithmomachia\/rythmomachia9x8-jacqueslefevredestaples-1514-c\/\">Jaquet, Daniel &#8211; Rire, se distraire et s&rsquo;amuser au Moyen \u00c2ge (2007) &#8211; Rithmomachia 9&#215;8 <\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/AThesisOnRithmomachia-1998NecekMichelle.pdf\">Necek, <\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/AThesisOnRithmomachia-1998NecekMichelle.pdf\">Michelle<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/AThesisOnRithmomachia-1998NecekMichelle.pdf\">\u00a0<\/a><a href=\"http:\/\/www.tuttoenumero.it\/wp-content\/uploads\/2013\/12\/AThesisOnRithmomachia-1998NecekMichelle.pdf\"> &#8211; A Thesis On Rithmomachia &#8211; 1998<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/diglib.hab.de\/inkunabeln\/152-2-quod-2f-2\/start.htm\">Rithmimachie ludus q[ui] [et] pugna nu[m]ero[rum] appellat[ur] &#8211; Jacobus Faber Stapulensis. &#8211; [Electronic ed.]. &#8211; 22.VII.1496<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/rithmomachiaucv.blogspot.it\/\">Club Venezolano de Rithmomachia &#8211; Universidad Central de Venezuela<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\"http:\/\/symbolaris.com\/applet\/Rhythmomachia.html\">http:\/\/symbolaris.com\/applet\/Rhythmomachia.html<\/a><\/p>\n<p><a href=\" http:\/\/aritmomachia.blogspot.com\/\">\u00a0http:\/\/aritmomachia.blogspot.com\/<\/a><\/p>\n<p><strong>RHYTHMOMACHIA (1987) by Illmer, Detlef &#038; G\u00e4deke, Nora, &#038; Henge, Elisabeth &#038; Pfeiffer, Helene &#038; Spickler-Beck, Monika. ISBN 3880343195. <\/strong><\/p>\n<p><strong>Boissiere&rsquo;s Pythagorean Game,\u00a0 John F. C. Richards, Scripta Mathematica 12, 1946:177-217.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>[\/et_pb_text][\/et_pb_column][et_pb_column type=\u00a0\u00bb1_4&Prime;][et_pb_sidebar admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbSidebar\u00a0\u00bb orientation=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb area=\u00a0\u00bbet_pb_widget_area_1&Prime; background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb show_border=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb \/][et_pb_sidebar admin_label=\u00a0\u00bbSidebar\u00a0\u00bb orientation=\u00a0\u00bbright\u00a0\u00bb area=\u00a0\u00bbet_pb_widget_area_2&Prime; background_layout=\u00a0\u00bblight\u00a0\u00bb show_border=\u00a0\u00bbon\u00a0\u00bb \/][\/et_pb_column][\/et_pb_row][\/et_pb_section]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><div class=\"et_pb_section et_pb_section_0 et_section_regular\" >\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div><div class=\"et_pb_row et_pb_row_0 et_pb_row_empty\">\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t\t\n\t\t\t<\/div> La Rithmomachia \u00e8 un gioco medievale, una sorta di scacchi con i numeri. Secondo lo storico Peter Mebben, la pi\u00f9 antica testimonianza scritta dell\u2019esistenza della Rithmomachia risale all\u2019anno 1030, a W\u00fcrzburg, nell\u2019attuale Germania: fu redatto un testo di successioni numeriche per una competizione tra le scuole delle cattedrali di Worms e W\u00fcrzburg (un equivalente [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":800,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","template":"","meta":{"_et_pb_use_builder":"on","_et_pb_old_content":"","_et_gb_content_width":"","footnotes":""},"project_category":[21,15,6,35,22,8,30,31],"project_tag":[],"class_list":["post-279","project","type-project","status-publish","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","project_category-games-articlespublications","project_category-articles","project_category-games","project_category-games-letsplay","project_category-games-talks","project_category-mathematics","project_category-maths-publications","project_category-maths-talks"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/279","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/project"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=279"}],"version-history":[{"count":16,"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/279\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1020,"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project\/279\/revisions\/1020"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/800"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=279"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"project_category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project_category?post=279"},{"taxonomy":"project_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.cescoreale.com\/fr\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/project_tag?post=279"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}